Association Between Fiber Intake and Depression in US Adults: Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–2018.

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Hadia Safarat Kirmani
Maiara Cássia Pigatto
Kendra Aira Cabrera
Débora Renz Barreto Vianna
Carolina Parra Mardones
Ila Marques Porto Linares
Claudia Lopez Muñoz
Paul Pereyra
Marie Andree Cosenza Barnéond
Florentina Diaconescu
José Elías León Donis
Vinicius Costa de Assis
Basira Hanafi Lawal
Elizabeth Leon-Cuevas
Giliana Melany Collado
Giovanna Brandão Saliba
Nagheli Fernanda Borjas-Calderón
Ibelema Alaere Ijeoma Datubo-Brown
Sofia Gnecco
Silvia Di-Bonaventura
Orleancio Gomes Ripardo de Azevedo
Adriana Romina Menendez-Mite
Areerat Suputtitada
Tarek Khalaf Saleh Rabiei
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4821-0165
José Omar Santellán Hernández
Carolina Schibuola Crespo
Motaz Almahmood
Walter Araujo Zin
Sara Barbosa Franco
Rui Nakamura

Abstract

Depression is a multifaceted mental health disorder affecting 280 million people globally. The pursuit of effective interventions has triggered investigations into the role of fiber intake in modulating depression, which remains a controversial issue. At least part of the discrepancies may result from the large number of covariates not accounted for in studies linking depression and fiber intake. We aimed to fill this gap using data from a large recent American population-based cross-sectional study from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2017-2018) and a detailed assessment of known covariates. Data from 9,254 adult subjects were analyzed and 3,979 fulfilled the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The variables were categorized to undergo evaluation by a logistic regression model adjusted for covariates by StataNow v18.5. The model was proven statistically acceptable. Supplementary fiber intake, vigorous recreational activities, living with a partner, and old age's odds ratios indicated that these variables showed 24.91%, 46.79%, 52.66%, and 65.48% decreased odds of presenting moderate to severe depression, respectively, constituting protective factors against depression. However, poverty, thyroid issues, comorbidities, obesity, and being a female odds ratios revealed that these factors accounted for 55.23%, 37.56%, 65.41%, 38.37%, and 25.94% increase odds of aggravating moderate to severe depression. In conclusion, supplementary fiber consumption may be a protective tool against moderate to severe depression.

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Association Between Fiber Intake and Depression in US Adults: Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–2018. (2025). Principles and Practice of Clinical Research, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.21801/ppcrj.2025.111.6
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Association Between Fiber Intake and Depression in US Adults: Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–2018. (2025). Principles and Practice of Clinical Research, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.21801/ppcrj.2025.111.6

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