The “Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Journal” (PPCRJ) will follow the Committee on Publication Ethics guidelines on corrections, retractions, and expressions of concern when the situation is needed. 

Corrections 

Errors in published papers may be requiring publication of a correction in the form of a corrigendum or erratum. PPCR journal provides authors with an opportunity to review article proofs prior to publication with the express goal of ensuring the accuracy of the content. Corrigenda and Errata are published on a numbered page and will contain the original article's citation. Cases, where these corrections are insufficient to address an error, will be assessed on a case-by-case basis by the Editor in Chief.  

Expressions of Concern 

Where substantial doubt arises as to the honesty or integrity of a submitted or published article, it is the Editor in Chief's responsibility to ensure that the matter is adequately reported, usually by the authors' sponsoring institution. The Editor in Chief should be promptly informed of the decision of the sponsoring institution and a retraction printed should it be determined if a fraudulent paper was published. Alternatively, the Editor in Chief may choose to publish an expression of concern over aspects of the conduct or integrity of the work online in the next journal issue. 

Article withdrawal 

Articles may be withdrawn by the corresponding author before accepting for publication. If it is accepted, it could be used only for Articles in Press which represent early versions of articles and sometimes contain errors or may have been accidentally submitted twice or if those publications may represent infringements of professional, ethical codes, such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or similar. In this scenario, the PPCR journal editorial team could “Withdrawn” the paper. Articles that have been published under an issue could not be withdrawn. 

Article retraction 

If a published article commit infringements of professional, ethical codes, such as multiple submission, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like the PPCRJ editorial team will retract the paper, the retraction of an article also can be done by the authors after explaining the reasons. We will be considering the following best practices:   

 - A retraction note titled “Retraction: [article title]” signed by the authors and/or the editor is published in the paginated part of a subsequent issue of the journal and listed in the contents list. 

 - In the electronic version, a link is made to the original article. 

 - The original article is retained unchanged save for a watermark on the .pdf indicating on each page that it is “retracted.” 

 - The HTML version of the document is removed. 

Article replacement 

In cases where the article, if acted upon, might pose a serious health risk, the authors of the original article may wish to retract the flawed original and replace it with a corrected version. In these circumstances, the procedures for retraction will be followed with the difference that the database retraction notice will publish a link to the corrected re-published article and a history of the document.