Lisbeth Martinez
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Structural Heart and Valve Disease, New York, NY, USA
Maria Gonzalez
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Structural Heart and Valve Disease, New York, NY, USA
Gabriel Bielfuss Rieth
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Khalid Al-Naamani
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; The Medical City for Military and Security Services, Muscat, Oman
Alexandra Roman
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Cindy Martinez
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Daniela Morales
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Isabella Shetiini
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Lennart Merkle
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum Chemnitz gGmbH, Chemnitz, Germany
Katilenia Caraballo
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Emmanuel Bonilla
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Mario Najera
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Larine Cenci
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Sophia Negrao
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Pedro Kaufmann
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Luiz Araujo
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), Brazil
Natalia Moros
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Maria Pellice
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Azucena Armas
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Carolina Cardoso
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Ayatullah Aly
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Sintip Pattanakuhar
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Ahmed Sweilim
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Siyu Dai
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Amin Saied
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Klaithem Mohamed
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Kazukiko Takemura
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Adamu Dalhatu
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nursing Science, Bayero University Kano, Nigeria;
Adela Lazar
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Karen Mori
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Thamiris Fallani
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Erich Katsuyama
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Felix Ehret
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Blanca Bazan
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Carolina Alcoforado
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Ligia Facin
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
William Sosa
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Keiko Ueda
Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Program, Executive and Continuing Professional Education (ECPE), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Green tea, GT, catechins, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and its polyphenol extract called Polyphenon E have been studied as potential anticancer agents. This systematic review evaluates the effect of GT exposure on cancer outcomes while focusing on the influence of green tea dosage and body mass index (BMI) as effect modifiers.
METHODS: A systematic review of studies among PubMed, Scopus, and Embase until June 2024, evaluating green tea or Polyphenon E among cancer patients was performed. Of 150 publications, five studies were included, comprising four RCTs and one single-center prospective cohort study. We evaluated the effects of green tea interventions on cancer biomarkers and survival outcomes, as well as the possible modifying role of BMI on such endpoints.
RESULTS: The included studies have different types of cancers, dosages of green tea, and durations of intervention. High-dose green tea (≥800 mg EGCG) reduced certain biomarkers; for example, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA); there is not consistency across biomarkers or cancer types. Among the observational studies identified, only one reported a statistically significant dose-response association between green tea consumption and improved survival among ovarian cancer patients. BMI data varied little between the intervention and placebo arms across the studies; this certainly limits the ability to assess BMI as an effect modifier.
CONCLUSION: While there was a trend towards a reduction of certain cancer biomarkers associated with green tea consumption, due to limitations in the data it is not possible to conclusively determine effect modification by dosage or BMI. Variability in study designs, dosages, and cancers limits generalizability. Future studies are warranted that are well-designed regarding dosage standardization, long-term effects, and identification of an interaction between green tea and standard cancer therapies.
Keywords: Green tea, Catechins, Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), Body Mass Index (BMI), Cancer
